Reflection of the Role of Geometry in Design of the Aghabozorg School-Mosque in Kashan

Document Type : Special Issue: AIMC 51

Authors

1 ‎Department of Architecture, ‎University of Kashan, ‎Kashan‎, ‎I‎. ‎R‎. ‎Iran

2 ‎Allameh Feiz Kashani University, ‎Kashan‎, ‎I‎. ‎R‎. ‎Iran

Abstract

‎Aghabozorg Mosque with massive brick dome and the tiled minaret is one of the most magnificent Islamic buildings in Kashan in the Qajar period‎. ‎The unique features of the architecture suggest the architects of this building‎, ‎in terms of the nature of architecture in designing the form and architectural space‎, ‎have considered principles that are based on geometric shapes and proportions between them‎. ‎Regarding the importance of the issue‎, ‎the authors‎, ‎with the approach of geometric proportional analysis‎, ‎seek to answer this question‎: ‎what is the role of geometry and golden proportion in the construction and shaping of the elements of Aghabozorg School-Mosque? For this purpose‎, ‎the descriptive-analytic research method has been used in this study‎. ‎In order to retrieve geometric and proportional data‎, ‎plan‎, ‎elevations‎, ‎and sections of the building were investigated and analyzed accurately‎. ‎The results of this research indicate that the architects had the necessary knowledge about the systems of equations and geometric drawings and used golden proportions and circle divisions to design plan‎, ‎elevations‎, ‎and sections and also applied geometrical knowledge in the direction practical and qualitative for creating the building‎.
 

Keywords


[1] M. R. Bemanian, K. Momeni and H. Soltanzadeh, A comparative study of the architectural feature’s designs: masjid- madreseh of Qajar and Safavid school (in Persian), Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development 6 (11) (2014)
15-34.
[2] Z. Bozorgmehri, Geometry in Architecture, (in Persian), Editor: Jamshid Mehrpouya, Cultural Heritage Organization of Iran, Tehran, Iran, 1992.
[3] A. Dahar and R. Alipour, Geometrical analysis of architecture of Sheik Lotfollah Mosque to find the geometrical relations between its prayer hall and the entrance, (in Persian) Bagh-e Nazar 10 (26) (2013) 33-40.
[4] H. Hashemi Zarj Abad, M. H. Ziaee Nia and H. R. Ghorbani, Re-reading the geometric basics and golden ratio of Showkateyeh school, (in Persian) Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bashtanshenasi Iran 5 (9) (2016) 207-222.
[5] M. Hejazi, Sacred geometry in nature and Persian architecture, (in Persian) History of Science 6 (2) (2009) 15-36.
[6] A. Helli, Knots and Arches in Islamic Architecture, (in Persian), A. Helli, Kashan, 1986.
[7] Sh. Jarmoozi and S. Salehi, Beautiful ratios: the comparative analysis of structural proportions in a marriage contract in the treasury of Astan Quds Razavi and the common ratio structures in the west, (in Persian), Ganjine-ye Asnad 23 (2) (2013) 120 - 137.
[8] M. M. Karimnezhad and M. Abdi, Golden Proportions in Historical Architecture: Case Study of Mosque of Aghabozorg in Kashan, (in Persian), In: The First National Conference of Islamic Architecture & Urban Design & Definition
Sustainable Based on Islamic & Iranian Lose(Absent) Idendity, Zahedan, Museum of South East, Iran, 2014.
[9] R. Lawlor, Sacred Geometry: Philosophy and Practice, Translation by Hayedeh Moayeri, Ministry of Culture and Higher Education, Institute for Cultural Studies and Research, 1989.
[10] M. Mehri and F. Zandi, A Study of the Pattern of Sustainable Architecture in the Aghabozorg School-Mosque, (in Persian), In: 8th Symposium on Advances in Science & Technology Commission-III: from Vernacular Architecture to
Sustainable City (VASCity), Mashhad, Iran, 2014.
[11] B. Molavi and M. Ghasemzadeh, A Study on the Application of Geometry in the Past Iranian Architecture (Islamic Period), (in Persian), Building and Housing Research Center, Tehran, Iran, 2002.
[12] N. Meshkouti, List of Historic Buildings and Ancient Places of Iran, (in Persian), Iran National Antiquities Protection Organization, Tehran, Iran, 1970.
[13] M. Namnam and H. R. Saremi, Decoding of Geometry and Parameters in Iranian Architecture, (in Persian), In: National Conference on Architecture, Civil Engineering & Urban Modern Development, (2015) 16 pages.
[14] H. Naraghi, Social History of Kashan, (in Persian), Scientific and Cultural Press of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, 1966.
[15] J. Neyestani, Drawing maps and applying geometry and arithmetic in Islamic architecture (from the early Islamic centuries to the MID 9th century AH.), (in Persian), Peyke Noor Journal 3 (5) (2006) 42-49.
[16] M. Rezazadeh Ardebili and M. Sabetfard, Recognition of the application of geometric principles in traditional architecture case study: Qasre Khorshid and its hidden geometry (in Persian), Honar-ha-ye-Ziba Memari-va-Shahrsazi 18 (2013) 29-44.
[17] S. Silvaie, K. Daneshjou and S. Farmahin Farahani, Geometry in pre-Islamic Iranian architecture and its manifestation in contemporary Iranian architecture (in Persian), The Role of the World 3 (2013) 55-66.
[18] A. Sharbaf, Knot and Karbandi, Editor: Batul Ghanizadeh, Scientific and Cultural Publishing, 1994.